Candi Murray

San Jose State University

Department of Human Performance

Dear participant,

My name is Leslie Funk and I am a graduate researcher at San Jose State

University. I am

currently looking for cyclists competing in category 1, 2 or 3 to

participate in a project regarding

sport nutrition for endurance athletes. The primary objective of this study

is to investigate the

level of nutritional understanding and knowledge among elite, competitive

cyclists. Aspects of

particular interest to this project include information sources,

familiarity with nutrition principles

and factors that influence performance in endurance sports. This letter

serves as an informed

consent, after reading it, your decision to complete and return the survey

indicates you have

given your informed consent for participating in this study.

To study the aspects of sport nutrition listed above, the attached survey

has been

developed. Please complete and return this survey. Your contribution is

important and will be

very much appreciated! Upon request, the results of this study will be made

available to you.

In accordance with guidelines regarding research with human subjects (a) your

participation is voluntary and no risks to you through participation are

expected, (b) nothing

adverse results from a decision not to participate, and (c) all responses

will be recorded

anonymously. Confidentiality of all participants will be maintained, and

any identifying

information, such as addresses, emails or fax numbers will be destroyed

upon completion of this

research. The potential benefit of this study to participants and other

competitive cyclists is

increased information regarding nutritional understanding and knowledge and

competitive

ranking of elite cyclists. If a significant difference in nutritional

knowledge and understanding

exists between cyclists of different categories, additional research

involving nutrition education

and intervention may be warranted.

If you have questions about this research project please contact Leslie

Funk, at (408)

923-0407, or by email at funkente-@msn.com. Any complaints regarding

this project may

be directed to Dr. Greg Payne, Chair of the Human Performance Department,

at (408) 924-3010.

Any questions about your rights as a participant may be directed to Dr.

Nabil Ibrahim,

Associated Vice President for Graduate Studies and Research at (408) 924-2480.

Sincerely,

Leslie S. Funk

Graduate researcher, San Jose State University





Nutrition Survey

Please complete this survey regarding your familiarity with the nutritional

needs of competitive cyclis ts.

Nutrition Information:

Please rank order (1=1st choice) the top 3 sources of information you rely

on regarding nutrition.

___ Sports Nutritionist ___ Coach

___ Academic Journals ___ Magazines

___ Teammates ___ College nutrition/health courses

___ Web sites ___ Registered Dietician

___ Family ___ Other ________________________

To respond in this section, place the letter of your choice in the space

provided.

1. ___ What foods would be included in the least number of servings per day

for endurance

athletes interested in eating a well balanced diet?

a. fruits and fruit juices

b. dairy products, meats, eggs

c. fats, oils, sweets

d. rice, cereals, pastas

2. ___ Endurance athletes should drink water during exercise in order to

a. increase aerobic metabolism

b. limit sodium lost in sweat production

c. maintain hydration status

d. all of the above

3. ___ An endurance athlete's protein needs are determined by:

a. the intake of nutrients

b. nothing specific, it is best to consume as much as possible

c. the type of sport and amount of training done

d. a and c

4. ___ Assuming an endurance athlete is well hydrated before exercise,

during exercise fluid consumption should

be

a. 8-12oz every 30 minutes

b. 16oz or more every 30 minutes

c. 5-10oz every 15-20 minutes

d. 3-5 oz every 5 minutes for the first hour of exercise

5. ___ The vitamin and mineral needs of endurance athletes are best met by

a. using high potency multi-vitamin & mineral supplements

b. adhering to a balanced diet

c. eating plenty of foods high in fiber

d. adhering to a diet primarily comprised of dairy, vegetables, and fruits

6. ___ After high intensity training or competition, recovery is primarily

enhanced

a. by replacing fluid losses

b. by increasing protein intake to 30% of total calories

c. by increasing carbohydrate intake

d. a and c

e. all of the above

7. ___ If insufficient fluid is ingested during exercise, which of the

following potential

health effects is the most serious?

a. increased core body temperature

b. hyponatremia (sodium depletion)

c. heat cramps

d. impaired muscular function

8. ___ To preserve stored carbohydrates in the body (glycogen), endurance

athletes should

a. consume carbohydrates during training or competition lasting 3 or more hours

b. consume carbohydrates during training or competition lasting 1 or more hours

c. consume increased protein during the meal 3-4 hours prior to training or

competition

d. b and c

9. ___ When body fat loss is desired, endurance athletes should:

a) decrease calories by decreasing intake from all food groups

b) decrease fat intake to 10% of daily caloric intake

c) decrease carbohydrate intake to 40% of total daily caloric intake

d) utilize supplements that increase resting metabolic rate

10.___ With respect to protein intake among endurance athletes,

a. a powder protein supplement is best

b. foods high in protein should be avoided since they are also high in fat

c. supplements are important, protein needs cannot be met with a regular diet

d. a balanced diet with adequate calories provides all the protein that is

needed

11.___ When endurance athletes are dehydrated

a. they may feel overly tired after they exercise

b. their muscular strength during exercis e may be diminished

c. their endurance during exercise may be diminished

d. all of the above

12. ___ The majority of an endurance athlete's carbohydrate intake should be

a. complex carbohydrates

b. simple sugars

c. fiber

d. saturated sugars

13. ___ The following contain primarily complex carbohydrates

a. raw vegetables and fruits

b. whole grains, beans, potatoes

c. organic juices or smoothies

d. carbohydrate replacement beverages

14. ___ Hydration status can be monitored

a) by how much sweat an athlete produces during exercise

b) by the amount and color of the athlete's urine

c) by weighing the athlete before and after exercise

d) a combination of b and c

e) all of the above

15. ___ For endurance athletes, calories from fats should be approximately

a. 5% - 10% of their daily caloric intake

b. 10% - 15% of their daily caloric intake

c. 20% - 25% of their daily caloric intake

d. 30% of their daily caloric intake

16. ___ To meet nutritional needs, endurance athletes should consume

approximately

a. 15,000 calories a day

b. 3,500 calories a day

c. 1,500 calories a day

d. depends on gender, sport, and training program

e. none of the above

17. ___ What foods would be included in the greatest number of servings per

day for endurance athletes interested

in eating well?

a. milk, yogurt, cheese

b. meat, eggs, seafood

c. apples, bananas, grapes

d. rice, cereal, pasta

18. ___ As training volume and intensity increases, an athlete primarily

needs more calories and

a. additional vitamins and minerals for optimal performance

b. additional proteins for optimal performance

c. additional fats for optimal performance

d. additional carbohydrates for optimal performance

19. ___ For endurance athletes, calories from proteins should be approximately

a. 10% - 15% of their daily caloric intake

b. 30% - 35% of their daily caloric intake

c. 40% - 60% of their daily caloric intake

d. 75% - 80% of their daily caloric intake

20. ___ For endurance athletes, calories from carbohydrates should be

approximately

a. 15% - 20% of their daily caloric intake

b. 25% - 30% of their daily caloric intake

c. 55% - 65% of their daily caloric intake

d. 75% - 80% of their daily caloric intake

21. ___ A carbohydrate replacement beverage is ideally composed of

a. isotonic glucose

b. 3-4% carbohydrate

c. 10-15% carbohydrate

d. 5-8% carbohydrate

22. ___ When a pre-competition meal is consumed 4 hours before a race, to

maximize stored carbohydrates in the

body (glycogen) the meal should

a. contain 150-300g of carbohydrates (600-1200 calories)

b. contain 25-75 g of carbohydrates (100-300 calories)

c. contain equal amounts of protein and carbohydrates (600-1200 calories total)

d. contain a supplement that provides the RDA for vitamins and minerals

23. ___ When estimating your caloric expenditure on a moderate intensity

(65% of VO2

max), two hour training ride, you should consider

a. your dietary intake over the last 8 hours

b. your maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max)

c. your body weight

d. b & c

e. all of the above

24. After completing day 1 of a 2-day stage race, carbohydrate stores in

the body (glycogen)

are best replenished by

a. consuming carbohydrate containing foods with a low glycemic index

b. consuming a mixed meal, containing carbohydrates, proteins and

mono-saturated fats

c. consuming energy bars that contain chromium, magnesium, iron and zinc

d. consuming carbohydrate containing foods with a high gylcemic index

25. The specific nutrition goals for cyclists include

a. energy intake equal to energy expenditure and optimal hydration

b. minimize fat intake, balance protein and carbohydrate intake

c. adequate carbohydrate intake to maintain glycogen stores

d. a and c

e. all of the above

To respond to the items below write the information requested in the space

provided.

Demographics:

____ Age ____ Height ____ Weight ____ Gender

Competition:

____ Bike racing category _____ Years in this category

____ Number of years racing at or above category 3

____ Number of years (total in all categories, including novice) engaged in

competitive cycling.

Training:

____ Number of days you ride per week.

_____ Total training mileage per week.

_____ Number of hours you ride per week.

What parameters do you monitor while training? (check all that apply)

_____ Heart rate _____ cadence _____ power (watts)

Upon completion of this survey please fax it,

Attention: Leslie Funk, Human Performance, SJSU

FAX NUMBER: 408-924-3053

or mail it to:

San Jose State University, Human Performance Dept.

Attention: Leslie Funk

One Washington Square

San Jose, CA. 95192-0054

Thank you for your time and participation!